Friday, May 31, 2019

Invisible Man Essay: Invisible Mans Emergence -- Invisible Man Essays

invisible Mans Emergence During the epilogue of lightless Man, the narrators invisibility placed him in a hole (Ellison 572). This leads the reader to c both for questions. Why did the narrator descend hush-hush? Will he ever cut? By examining his reasons for going underground, canvass and contrasting his emergence versus his staying below, why he would want to emerge, and the importance of social responsibility, one will see that Invisible Man will clearly emerge (Parker ). Before one can find out whether or not the narrator will emerge from his proverbial hole, he must asses Invisible Mans reasons for going underground (Parker ). The literal reason for his initial telephone line was to escape two white men chasing after him. It is at this point that he says, I felt myself dive down, down a long thrust that ended upon a load of coal... and I lay in the black dark upon the black coal no longer running (Ellison 565). If the reader and so thinks back to the prologue, whither Invisible Man introduces his living quarters, he sees some irony. During the prologue Invisible Man says, I doubt if in that location is a brighter spot in all New York...In my hole in the basement there are exactly 1,369 lights, Ive wired the entire ceiling, every butt against of it (Ellison 6-7). This extreme lighting contrasts with the darkness and total darkness that is shown in the hole that he falls into. According to one critic, the brightness connotes an optimistic viewpoint that is new to Invisible Man (Parker ). He believed that his invisibility placed him in a hole- or showed him the the he was in (Ellison 572). He remained in the cellar to get away from it all (Ellison 573), and to contemplate his life history and his grandfathers words- to po... ...ng the foul air out (Ellison 581). It is here that he wants to put his past behind him and move forward. He says Im shaking off the old skin and and Ill kick the bucket it here in the hole. Im coming out, no less invis ible without it, but coming out nevertheless. And i suppose its damn well time (Ellison 581). whole works Cited and Consulted Bellow, Saul. Man Underground Review of Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man. Commentary. June 1952. 1st December 2001 Available http//www.english.upeen.edu/afilreis /50s/bellow-on-ellison.html Ellison, Ralph. Invisible Man. New York The Modern Library, 1994. OMeally, Robert, ed. New Essays on Invisible Man. Cambridge New York Cambridge University Press, 1988. Parker, Robert Dale blackened Identity and the Marketplace of Masculinity 30 January 2002 Available http//www.english.cmu.edu/ Parker/50s/ellison.htm Invisible Man Essay Invisible Mans Emergence -- Invisible Man EssaysInvisible Mans Emergence During the epilogue of Invisible Man, the narrators invisibility placed him in a hole (Ellison 572). This leads the reader to ask questions. Why did the narrator descend underground? Will he ever emerge? By examining his reasons for going underground, co mparing and contrasting his emergence versus his staying below, why he would want to emerge, and the importance of social responsibility, one will see that Invisible Man will clearly emerge (Parker ). Before one can determine whether or not the narrator will emerge from his proverbial hole, he must asses Invisible Mans reasons for going underground (Parker ). The literal reason for his initial descent was to escape two white men chasing after him. It is at this point that he says, I felt myself plunge down, down a long drop that ended upon a load of coal... and I lay in the black dark upon the black coal no longer running (Ellison 565). If the reader then thinks back to the prologue, where Invisible Man introduces his living quarters, he sees some irony. During the prologue Invisible Man says, I doubt if there is a brighter spot in all New York...In my hole in the basement there are exactly 1,369 lights, Ive wired the entire ceiling, every inch of it (Ellison 6-7). This extreme ligh ting contrasts with the darkness and blackness that is shown in the hole that he falls into. According to one critic, the brightness connotes an optimistic viewpoint that is new to Invisible Man (Parker ). He believed that his invisibility placed him in a hole- or showed him the the he was in (Ellison 572). He remained in the cellar to get away from it all (Ellison 573), and to contemplate his life and his grandfathers words- to po... ...ng the foul air out (Ellison 581). It is here that he wants to put his past behind him and move forward. He says Im shaking off the old skin and and Ill leave it here in the hole. Im coming out, no less invisible without it, but coming out nevertheless. And i suppose its damn well time (Ellison 581). Works Cited and Consulted Bellow, Saul. Man Underground Review of Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man. Commentary. June 1952. 1st December 2001 Available http//www.english.upeen.edu/afilreis /50s/bellow-on-ellison.html Ellison, Ralph. Invisible Man. New York The Modern Library, 1994. OMeally, Robert, ed. New Essays on Invisible Man. Cambridge New York Cambridge University Press, 1988. Parker, Robert Dale Black Identity and the Marketplace of Masculinity 30 January 2002 Available http//www.english.cmu.edu/ Parker/50s/ellison.htm

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Smacdata Systems :: essays papers

Smacdata SystemsIt was hard to sleep, even though I was exhausted. For approximately ayear and a half I was employed with a small PC manufacturing company,SmacData. Until my supervisor resigned it was a great job. Immediatelyafter he resigned business quadrupled, we landed our low contract to build thousands of PCs. In the past weonly built a few hundred PCs a month. This would have been a greatopportunity, except for the presidents school of thought to work a few people todeath at low wages and then hire fresh pe ople. At this time I had to answer whether to find a better job, quit , or stay and suffer. At firstI really made an effort to manage everything, but when thither was not acrisis, or constant chaos and production was under control managementthought that was the sign they where not pushing hard enough. In additionthey were hiring people with little or no qualifications to assemble andservice PCs. Of which I was responsible for the finished quality and thespeed of p roduction. I was working coherent hours seven days a week. It wasvery difficult to manage and train incompetent, and uninterest ed persons. On top of this some of the new employees would steal computer parts. Thiscreated an milieu of constant scandal and accusation. If I ran shortof worries I would entertain the thought of being accused of stealing andthe police taking me away. Other stress creators include the companieshabit of selling remanufactured parts as new, often times the quality ofthese parts was less than used parts. The better part of my job wasbecoming deterioration control as a result of these unscrupulous practices. Itwas at this point that I was losing sleep or not sleeping at all. Another attribute of my new coworkers, was that they were very friendly to my face butbehind closed doors they would do or say anything in their power to goagainst me or perplex problems. Even so, most of the time my coworkers where manageable. Management had spent years perfe cting the techniques of back stabbing,ways to cause discord, and fighting among employees. All of these issuesmade me seriously consider resigning. sluggish I would be unable to paymy bills, and considerable debt. I was living on my own since I startedat SmacData. During this same times my parents where in the swear out of

The Therapeutic Value of Charlie Chaplin Essay -- Biography

The Therapeutic Value of Charlie Chaplin Pat Barkers Regeneration represents a part of history for the First population War. Regeneration is an antiwar novel held together by people, places, and cultural references. Charlie Chaplin is a cultural reference used within the novel. Barker refers to Chaplin on page 60 in the novel. When the wounded and dysfunctional soldiers watch a Charlie Chaplin film at the Craiglockhart War infirmary. During the war Charlie Chaplin films were therapeutic for the soldiers, and showing one of his films helps develop the theme of therapy that occurs throughout the novel. tied(p) though Chaplin was unable to participate in the war, he helped boost the morale of the soldiers that were in it. Barker utilizes Chaplin as a cultural reference to show that tidy morale is needed to help the progress of the patients therapy, but true recovery takes more than just a film.Charlie Chaplin faced humans backlash with his stance on World War I. In The Importance of Charlie Chaplin, Arthur Diamond says, a British citizen had chosen not to leave the united States to fight for his native country (58). Chaplins actions caused British audiences to have mixed feelings about him. They loved his films, but disapproved of his non-participation in the war. However, British representatives said that Chaplin was more valuable as an entertainer than an infantryman (Diamond 58). So while the public disagreed with his non-participation, the British government backed him up.In early 1917, the United States knew that Chaplin was a British citizen living in the U.S. and that Chaplin was part of the support system for their side. However, their attitude changed when the United States entered the war after the Germans sank th... ...haplins irreverent humor plays a big role in developing the theme in Regeneration. Without his comedy, many of the patients at Craiglockhart War Hospital would not have been able to look past and overcome the real aspects of the war . Chaplin found a way to make his audience laugh when they were filled with horror, and he opened the minds of the soldiers, which had once been closed like a shell.Works CitedBarker, Pat. Regeneration. New York Plume, 2003.Charlie Chaplin Goes to War Shoulder Arms. Center for History and New Media. 23 April 2003. <http//chnm.gmu.edu/features/episodes/chaplin.htmlDiamond, Arthur. The Importance of Charlie Chaplin. San Diego bright Books, 1995Napolo, Tony, ed. Our Century 1910-1920. Milwaukee Gareth Stevens Pub., 1993Robb, George. British Culture and the First World War. London Palgrave Macmillan, 2002

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

Global Warming Essay -- Environmental Global Climate Change

Global Warming In the February 1st edition of the New York Times, journalist Andrew C. Revkin discusses the rising threat of world-wide warming, and more importantly, the disagreement between various nations and institutions upon the definition of dangerously high global warming. Revkins article, titled Deciding How Much Global Warming Is besides Much, brings to light the various failed attempts at creating a barrier at which industrialized countries (the main producers of the greenhouse gasses which result in global warming) will cut the mercantile establishment of harmful gasses into the atmosphere. Revkin also discusses how upcoming events, conferences reports will hopefully solve this problem.The initial proposal for controlling global warming was signed over 11 age ago, in these proposal 193 countries agreed to cut human interference with the environment, if the environment were to reach a level of certain danger. However, within this treaty there is no specific definition o f danger. This lack of a clear description of danger has led to one failed conference, Kyoto, and hundreds of countries, scientists, and policymakers to attempt an agreement on the level of damage caused by global warming. Recently, many countries have requested a definition of unacceptable risk by measuring and comparing the change in average temperature. The European Union has responded to these requests by agreeing upon the raise in temperature of 2.5 degrees or beyond as being far too da...

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

Old Age in An Old Mans Winter Night and Follower Essay -- Robert Fros

Old Age in An Old Mans Winter Night and Follower This poem has a very direct claim which intices the audience to findout more and is very similar to that of a Hollywood movie and usesplain language.From the 1st line we underside see the male childs possessiveness of his fatherfrom the words My we also know it is referring to the past from thetense of the word worked we also find out that he works on a farm.In the next 3 lines we can see the poets admiration for his father bythe way he talks about the size of the man globed ilk a full sailstrung and his strength.We see that his father was a real expert at his job by the way he cancontrol horses with his tongue, heaneys intention was to show us themans expertise and how he was in full control, it also shows us howhard the horses were working for him.In the next stanza on the 1st line Heaney calls his father an expertthen pauses for affect to let it sink in, this is to show us the manspower and also the pure admiration from his son. In the next 2 lineswe are again told about how good he was at his job sod rolled overwithout breaking the language which is employ almost makes it seemeffortless for the man.In the next stansa we see Heaneys use of enjanment with a run on lineTurned around And back into the democracy which reflects the movementof the plough. In the 3rd line we can see his father narrowed andangled at the ground using only his skill, not instruments, thismakes him await very wise and we can see that the boy is once againadmiring his skills.In the next stansa we can see how the boy is clumsy in par tohis father I stumbled in his hobnailed wake we also see hisclumsiness from the word fell in the... ...the old man and his quality of life. after(prenominal) reading both poems we are given 2 different views on old age by2 different poets. In Robert Frosts a fold of pity is felt for the oldage and the poet seems to be very concerned about the quality of lifebeing lived by the old man, he sympathise s with the solitariness andfeels sorry for the old man.Heaney seems to have a quite a different view on old age and we almostfeel as if he is annoyed at his father for not being able to care forhimself now, he is frustrated that the man whom he always looked up tohas now conk frail and now follows him around opposed to when he wasa child.Out of the 2 poems I prefer Robert Frosts An Old Mans Winter Nightas I believe that it has much more meaning to it and it really getsinto the life of the old man and gets sympathy from the reader andgets them involved.

Old Age in An Old Mans Winter Night and Follower Essay -- Robert Fros

Old Age in An Old Mans overwinter Night and Follower This poem has a very direct title which intices the audience to findout more and is very similar to that of a Hollywood movie and usesplain language.From the 1st ancestry we can see the sons possessiveness of his fatherfrom the words My we also know it is referring to the past from thetense of the word worked we also find out that he works on a farm.In the next 3 lines we can see the poets admiration for his father bythe way he talks intimately the size of the man globed like a full sailstrung and his strength.We see that his father was a real expert at his job by the way he cancontrol horses with his tongue, heaneys intention was to show us themans expertise and how he was in full control, it also shows us howhard the horses were workings for him.In the next stanza on the 1st line Heaney calls his father an expertthen pauses for affect to let it sink in, this is to show us the manspower and also the pure admiration from his s on. In the next 2 lineswe are again t senior about how good he was at his job sod rolled everyplacewithout breaking the language which is used to the highest degree makes it seemeffortless for the man.In the next stansa we see Heaneys use of enjanment with a run on line turned around And back into the land which reflects the movementof the plough. In the 3rd line we can see his father narrowed andangled at the ground employ only his skill, not instruments, thismakes him appear very wise and we can see that the boy is once againadmiring his skills.In the next stansa we can see how the boy is clumsy in comparison tohis father I stumbled in his hobnailed wake we also see hisclumsiness from the word fell in the... ...the old man and his quality of life.After reading both poems we are given 2 various views on old age by2 different poets. In Robert Frosts a lot of pity is felt for the oldage and the poet seems to be very concerned about the quality of lifebeing lived by the old man, he sympathises with the loneliness andfeels sorry for the old man.Heaney seems to have a quite a different view on old age and we almostfeel as if he is annoyed at his father for not being able to care forhimself now, he is frustrated that the man whom he endlessly looked up tohas now become frail and now follows him around opposed to when he wasa child.Out of the 2 poems I prefer Robert Frosts An Old Mans Winter Nightas I believe that it has much more meaning to it and it really getsinto the life of the old man and gets sympathy from the reader andgets them involved.

Monday, May 27, 2019

What Is the Importance of Leonard’s Body Tattoos in Memento?

Memento (2000) is a picture show directed by Christopher Nolan that follows the life of Leonard, a man who, subsequently an accident, suffers from short-term store loss. When Lenny tries to save his wife from a possible rape, he hits his head on the floor damaging the way his brain functions, losing his capacity to raise new memories. Every action of the film is set around a single objective the relentless pursuit of the alleged implementationer of Leonards wife.In assemble to be able to follow up the mystery, Lenny has developed a system where he writes up notes to himself, takes pictures of important people and planets, and, most importantly, stains his personate with important facts to call in clues as he tracks his wifes murderer. Lennys stains are extremely important in Memento (2000) once they provide a memory institution for the protagonist, building up his feelings of anger and revenge they are rudimentary in character development and inbred for the framework st ory.Lennys tattoos are a memory source for the protagonist, allowing him to remember the murder and building up mixed emotions regarding the case. The character has different tattoos in the front part of his body representing what he intrusts are facts and key pieces on the murder of his wife. One of them in particular, located on his chest and written backwards says John G. raped and murdered my wife. Lennys tattoos not only helps the protagonist remember his goal, to catch and kill whoever it was who hurt his wife, but also feeds his feelings of revenge and anger towards the killer.When Lenny believes he has uncovered Teddy as organism the killer of his wife, for example, he quickly catches sight of his tattoo establishing a casual connection that motivates him to go after Teddy and kill him. Lenny has a visual memory, even though he must relearn daily who he has met and what he has learned since the incident, he still finds strength and is encouraged by the power of his tattoos to remain looking for John G. In the movie, tattoos have hidden meanings and help reveal and develop the character.One in particular, the Remember Sammy Jankins on Leonards hand, provides a miniature of the movie as a whole, as it has multiple meanings. Leonard believes that the tattoo is there to remind him that unlike Sammy, who has the same condition as him, he has a system and fanny therefore, control his disease. However, further in the movie we discover yet another hidden meaning in the tattoo. Sammy has never existed the way Leonard believes, in fact, the tattoo is a reminder that Lenny lies to himself, not only the fiction of the cautionary tale of Sammy Jankins, but also of his inability to tell when people are lying (Heuser, 2011).The tattoo represents Lennys lies and struggle to believe on what he wants to see as the truth, it unwinds a closer understanding of the protagonist giving meaning to the movie. Tattoos are essential for the flow and understanding of the story. They are introduced without many explanations, throughout the movie however, different events and flashbacks allow the viewer to have a closer understanding of them. The viewer set-back discovers the various tattoos that cover Lennys body as he undresses in front of a mirror.In the same scene, medium, close-up and point of view shots fragment Leonards body into readable tattooed statements which align the spectators knowledge with Leonards sense of being in the world (Molloy, 2010). The viewer starts to slowly become familiar with the facts tattooed on the protagonists body and connect each tattoo to each other, making sense and framing the story. Leonards tattoos are essential in the hap of the framework story in Memento (2000), it is key in character development and it is a source of memory trigger for the protagonist.Leonard lies to himself, and his tattoos are simple excuses for him to believe on what he wants to be the truth, embracing his feelings of anger and revenge. Beca use he is covered in tattoos, his subjectivity is made obvious, whereas culture and memories are literally inscribed onto him (Blake, 2004) additionally, the military strength of tattooing is what helps trap Leonard in his limitless search for his wifes murderer.No matter what happens, Lenny wakes up every day, facing the facts and goes off on his search. Therefore, tattooing his body helps Leonard accept the murder and enhances his feelings of anger influencing his unstoppable search for revenge. Leonard is a locus of signs and his tattoos are important in the development of the story, making the final connection to what is believed to be the truth and the genuine truth, reinforcing character development as well as the spectators identification with Lenny.Reference Blake, L. (2004). Snapshots of Memento Angles of Interpretation. George Washinton University. Heuser, D. (2011). Memento What was this movie about again? Retrieved from http//www. davidheuser. com/Memento. html (Feb 2 2, 2012). Todd, Jennifer (producer) & Nolan, Christopher (director). (2000). Memento. Motion Picture. (Available from Helkon, USA). Molloy, C. (2010). Memento. Adinburgh Edinburgh University Press. ?

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Global Limited System Essay

Global Limited is a global altogetherow forr of infrastructure information systems, whose function cater to a wide range of industry sectors. One of Global Limiteds business objectives is information tribute for their clients. In order to provide their clients with information security, Global Limited has utilized a risk prudence approach to protect their clients information. From a security standpoint the footstep taken by Global Limited are sound and will maximize the security of their clients information. The main weakness as such will remain at the user level. If the end users both internal and external are not security conscious and vigilant in their security awareness then there is a risk of a vulnerability being exploited. The access controls Global Limited implemented using access tokens and sword lily numbers for authentication provides a level of security to protect unauthorised access to data and systems.The additional use of the Data Loss Prevention (DLP) crossw ay to manage data across the network is integral to compliance of the CIA triad. Global Limiteds approach of layered security from end- point to end user utilized several different methods of controls thus providing their clients with a single comprehensive strategy. Although there is no real way to have complete security against all threats, Global Limited has provided their clients with a secure solution without being so intrusive that the end users cannot do their jobs. If a company or organizations data and systems are not secure, be it from lack of proper controls or improper physical security, then they would be out of compliance with industry standards. concord to the SOX act a company is supposed to have internal controls in place to prevent and detect unauthorized access of financial data. Globals risk focal point approach was a key factor in the success of their efforts to protecting their clients information assets.By utilizing risk management strategies Global was able to detect vulnerabilities where there were themost likelihood of threat and implement controls to detect and/or prevent breaches of the security controls. The risk management operation ensured Global addressed security measures at all levels of the IT/domain. Having remote external access to Globals network poses many threats. Lack of physical controls oer devices could result in breaches. If a person lost a laptop that ad sensitive data or kept their login credentials stored on their phones, an unauthorized person could gain access.If data is not properly classified and protected it could be compromised through VPN. Some other tools that are comparable to those used by Global are Biometrics and cryptographic keys used for authentication. Titan CMS is similar to Globals DLP suite in that it classifies, monitors and secures data across a network. copy Guard provides vulnerability scanning, intrusion detection, and penetration testing to test an organizations defensive countermeasu res and identify threats.ReferencesManaged Network Security, IDS IPS Solutions Provider Clone Systems, Inc. (n.d.). Retrieved March 30, 2014, from http//www.clone-systems.com/?gclid=CPCGzpWn1r0CFaVxOgodtEcAeQ Titan CMS content management systems. (n.d.). Retrieved March 30, 2014, from http//titancms.com/home.htm

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Motivation Plan. About my mentor Essay

Tangie Stevenson works for Medicredit Corporation, which is a Management and Recovery Agency, better exist as The Outsource Group. This agency is a third party assemblage agency which a third-party collection agency is as agency that was not a party to the original contract between a creditor first-party and a debtor second-party. In most cases, a third-party collection agency is used once inwrought first-party collection efforts have been considered unsuccessful. First-party collection agency usually lasts for a period of months before the debt is turned over to a third-party collection agency.A creditor assigns accounts to a third-party collection agency for a fee. The fee differs depending on a wide variety of factors ranging from the collection agency that the creditor chooses to work with, to the number and type of accounts that will be submitted on a routine basis. The fee can be as simple as a flat fee per account submitted or a action percentage fee on each amount that is collected. In some cases, it may be a combination of both. It is dependent upon the relationship that is agreed upon.As a collections private instructor Tangie oversees all activities related to the companys credit and collections. She is responsible for formulating, implementing, and maintaining credit and collections policies, monitoring collections and past due accounts, reportage on the activities of the accounts receivable department, and ensuring timely collection of customer accounts receivables. She besides provides training, direction, and evaluation of credit and collections employees.In addition to overseeing the collection department staff, she tracks customer feedback through the look into of incoming letters, emails, and phone calls and the analytical data collected through outside reporting agencies. She also identifies errors or glitches in collection procedures and recommends solutions to increase collections on run-down accounts while ensuring customer satisfa ction and retention. The PlanI have established a plan to keep the employees in Tangies department motivated and satisfied. retentivity employees motivated and satisfied are important elements of not only getting the most out of your employees, but also in retaining your best employees. The best employees are always in high demand, and will change companies if they are not kept motivated and satisfied at work. It doesnt matter what you build, invent or sell your organization cant move forward without muckle.CEOs, company founders and managers the world over know that keeping the teams beneath them moving forward unneurotic in harmony means the difference between winning and dying. The plan that can be applied to Tangies department that would increase the motivation, satisfaction and surgical process would be to first, have the team members build ownership among themselves.They must rule as if they own the place and not just work here. Once of the principles of self-managed te ams is to work up around a whole service or product. One way to inspire this feeling is to have each of the members become familiar with what the other members are doing, concedeing them to ask their ideas for improvement to the table and have input in the entire process. If the roles are too specialized, have each of the members of the team exchange responsibilities often. This all makes them feel like its mine, and most people, when its theirs, really dont want to fail.Next, you must trust the employees to leave their comfort zones. This means to allow them to do to a greater extent than one specific task, it will allow them to grow and become more confident in their abilities while making them feel more valuable to the organization. Even though as a manager it may feel like allowing individuals to try new things presents a risk to productivity or places workers outside of their established place, it heads off other issues. The bigger risk is having people get burnt out or bore d.Then, is to keep the team informed care leaders have a clearer perspective on the bigger picture than their employees do. Its really important to tell subordinates whats going on. What a manager may take for common knowledge about how things are going or what challenges are down the road, employees should be informed of. Spreading the intel lets everyone in on the lay of the land and at the same time strengthens the feeling among workers that they are an important asset to the organization.Then, is the fact that your employees are adults so treat them as such. This is also important when it comes to motivation and satisfaction in the organization. Employees need to be dealt with in a respectable manner. In any organization there is going to be bad news. It could have to do with the individual or the company as a whole but just remember to treat employees accordingly.As a manager, if you choose to keep people in the dark about trying times or issues, the fallout could be more seri ous than the issue itself. When people are left out, they tend to make things up. An important part of the plan is to remember that money matters, but not as much as you think. fee packages are a big deal when employees are hired, but once hired the motivation tends to go downhill. The motivation then comes from things like the challenge of the work, the excogitation of the work, the opportunity to learn, and the opportunity to contribute.Last, is to reward and recognize employees if theyve done something truly outstanding. Instead of telling others that your employees are doing such a great job, take the time to bring a specific person into your office or write an email or note along with that persons paycheck to let him know that his work is truly outstanding. Rewarding them with small gifts like tickets to a movie, a gift certificate to a grocery store or even extremely wish for tickets to a sports game is a good reward.Reward employees with time off, you will be astounded to see how quickly your employees get to work when you allow to let them leave a little early or if you give them the option of coming to work a little late the next day. elongationForbes. (2013). 7 Ways to Keep Your Employees Happy (And Working Really Hard). Retrieved from http//www.forbes.com/sites/karstenstrauss/2013/09/08/7-ways-to-keep-your-employees-happy-and-working-really-hard/

Friday, May 24, 2019

Saladin and Jerusalem

Saladin and the Capture of Jerusalem Saladin stands out in Western accounts of the meat Ages because his beliefs and actions reflected supposedly Christian characteristics honesty, piety, magnanimity, and chivalry. Unlike many Muslim rulers, he was not cruel to his subordinates Saladin believed deeply in the Koranic standard that all men are equal forward the law. He set a high moral tone for example, he distributed war proceeds carefully to help maintain discipline in the ranks. As an administrator, Saladin showed great vision.He altered the tax structure in Egypt and elsewhere to conform to Koranic instructions, and he supported higher education. It was his visiontogether with portion and military skillthat enab direct him to begin a quest for Muslim unification that would bear fruit many years later. Saladin was born in 1138 in Tikrit, Mesopotamia (now modern Iraq). His formal name was Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub. Salah al-Din was an honorary title that translates as Righteou sness of Faith. His father, Ayyub, and his uncle, Shirkuh, were both generals in the army of Zengi, the Muslim leader who captured the County of Edessa from the reformists in 1144.When Zengi died in 1146, Saladin executed with his father and uncle to Damascus in Syria, the main metropolis of Zengis empire. Zengis son, Nur-ad-din, had taken over Damascus subsequently his fathers death, and Saladin began school for Nur-ad-din, following in the footsteps of his father and uncle. The Muslim world was rent by religious differences. The Seljuk caliphate, ruled by Nur al-Din, was of the more liberal Sunni sect and had its shoes of power in Baghdad. The Fatimid caliphate of Egypt, which had embraced the more orthodox Shict, was a volatile agglomeration with weak rulers.Like a splinter between them was the Latin Kingdom, a Christian swiftness along the eastern Mediterranean coast, ruled by a Frank, Amalric I. Nur al-Din believed that if Amalric were able to join forces with the Byzant ine emperor to conquer Egypt, the unscathed Islamic world would be threatened. The stakes were great Rich trade routes to the Orient, religious and educational centers, and plentiful agricultural lands could be lost. Saladin, as one of Nur al-Dins primary advisers, helped plan common chord Syrian invasions of Egypt between 1164 and 1169 to conquer the Fatimid caliphate.During part of this period, Amalric had a treaty to defend Cairo against Syrian invaders. Saladins freshman command came at Alexandria, where he was in charge of one thousand men under difficult conditions. subsequently a short time back in Damascus, Saladin returned on Nur al-Dins orders to Egypt after the Fatimid alliance with Amalric broke down. Saladin had solemn uncertainties about returning to Egypt, in part because he distrusted the motives of his powerful uncle Shirkuh, who was leading the return. The political situation there was dangerous and unstable.When Shirkuh shortly died, however, Saladin was well placed to assume Shirkuhs place as vizier of Egypt commanding Nur al-Dins forces there in this case, he was the compromise candidate among many factions. At the age of 30, Saladin drew strength from Koranic exhortations to fulfill Gods purpose. Saladin, like Nur al-Din, was pious. He kept little money, acting instead as caretaker for the whole Muslim community the proper function of wealth, he believed, was to further the aims of Islam. Both men saw stable leadership in Egypt as a gravestone to preserving Muslim unity.Still, Nur al-Din was suspicious when Saladin insisted on independence to do thisincluding lessened payments of tribute. Not only did Saladin have military bases on the Egyptian front, but he in addition had to fight political battles at his rear. Saladin consolidated power in Egypt by getting rid of Fatimid commanders and substituting loyalists uprisings continued in the provinces for some years, but at last Fatimid rule was abolished. Now Saladin built up the mi litary and raided nearby areas. His strength was growing just when Ayyub, Nur al-Din, and Amalric died in quick succession.Both Nur al-Dins and Amalrics successors were modern boys thus, both kingdoms were weakened. Saladin quickly moved to consolidate the empire under his own rule, citing the need for a unified Islam. He struck quickly at the Frankish Kingdom, taking a string of small towns, but the important town of Aleppo did not fall and remained a refuge for al-Salih. Mosul, too, was a holdout, but with other victories Saladin became sultan of Syria, succeeding Nur al-Din. The Damascus-Cairo axis was all-important to Saladin as he set out on a jihad to drive the Franks from the region.After 1176, he undertook major commonplace works, religious, and educational projects in Egypt, but at the same time he needed military action to convince his critics that the jihad was not a fake merely intended to further his personal power. After a serious reverse at the strategic outpost of Ascalon, he quickly returned to the attack. Angered by the Franks breaking of a truce, Saladin was successful against them in southern Lebanon, and he consolidated phalanx from Syria and Egypt in order to destroy the fort at Jacobs Mill. In capturing Frankish defenses, Saladin often destroyed them so they could not be recaptured.He hoped to win strategic territory in Mesopotamia as a base from which to move against Christian-held Jerusalem, his ultimate target. Saladin was keen to get the war with the Christians underway, but there was one main stumbling block. In 1183, Saladin had signed a treaty with the leader of the Christians, Guy of Lusignan. Saladin creation an honorable man, felt bound by the truce, disregarding his desire to start the war. Fortunately for him, and unfortunate for the reformers, the truce was broken in 1187 by a crusader called Reynald of Chatillon. Reynald attacked a group of Muslims and held them as prisoners of war.Despite being angry at this break in the truce, Saladin felt that he should negotiate with Reynald and keep his side of the truce, instead of attacking the crusader. Foolishly, Reynald refused to meet with Saladin and furthermore refused to release the prisoners after receiving orders from his leader Guy Lusignan. Saladin now had a reason he needed to go to war. On July 1, 1187, Saladin marched his troops to a mountain, the Horn of Hattin. The last at the current time was extremely hot, and the crusader army that had been sent to defend Jerusalem was hot, exhausted, and dehydrated.Recognizing the crusaders distress, Saladin devised a plan to pull back the crusaders situation worse. He set fire to some nearby dry brush, whose smoke quickly mad its was into the crusader camp. On July 4, Saladin attacked and the crusaders were quickly defeated. Christian Jerusalem had suffered an enormous loss at the Battle of Hattin. The army had almost been destroyed and the citys leader, Guy of Lusignan, was a prisoner of Saladin. U nfortunately, the citys troubles did not end there. There were shortages of food in the city, since the Battle of Hattin occurred during the harvest.With the area in the enemys hands, all crops were lost. All of the refugees who flocked to the city to seek shelter from Saladins army made the shortage of food worse. Jerusalem was able to house thirty thousand people, but after the Battle of Hattin, the population multiply to sixty thousand. Most of these people were women and children who had no intentions of fighting against the invading Muslim army. By September 20, 1187, Jerusalem was under siege. Saladin first chose the western side of the city for his beginning attack. The western wall ofJerusalem was heavily fortified by the crusaders, who had built the strong citadel there around the Tower of David. Most of the crusader soldiers that were left in Jerusalem went to this tower to defend the city. While the fighting continued, Saladin looked for a superior position from which t o attack the crusaders. He eventually settled immaterial the northeastern section of the city, between St. Marys Postern and Jehoshaphat Gate. Saladin used large wooden catapults to bombard the walls and towers of Jerusalem, weakening the citys defenses and driving the crusaders away from their positions.Saladin indeed sent 10,000 archers to shoot at the walls defenders, followed by 10,000 horsemen armed with lances and bows in the north to prevent a crusader counterattack. The crusaders tried in fruitless to drive away the invading army, but once the wall had collapsed the end was in sight. Realizing their cause was hopeless, the city eventually surrendered on October 2, 1187. The Kingdom of Jerusalem was at an end. Two knights and ten soldiers were placed in every street in Jerusalem to keep order during the takeover.When Saladins victorious army had secured the city, they understood what the first act was to be completed. The most sacred Islamic monument in Jerusalem was a mas sive building called Quabbat as-Sakhrah, or Dome of the Rock. As in brief as the Muslims entered Jerusalem, they climbed up to the top of the dome and removed the cross, immediately showing that it was the Muslims who were now in charge, not the Christians. Saladins troops were tired now and not easily disciplined the European forces were regrouping for a Third Crusade, led by the dashing Richard I (the Lionhearted) of England.Muslim-held Acre, after a long siege, was finally given up in 1191. Yet the cost was high for the Crusaders, and Richard did not want to be gone too long from England. The final confrontation between Saladin and Richard came in July 1192. After a day of prayer, Saladin and his troops were ready to face the Crusaders as they poised for an attack on Jerusalem. Suddenly, the Crusaders withdrew. Saladin attributed the retreat to divine intervention, but military historians say that Richard had headstrong to attack Egypt instead. Such an attack, however, was not undertaken. The Third Crusade was over.Saladin retired to Damascus to spend time with his wives and children. In the winter of 1193, he rode out in bad weather to meet a group of pilgrims returning from Mecca. He became ill and died a short while later at age fifty-five, penniless by choice. Saladins title, al-Malik al-Nasir, or Strong to Save the Faith, was appropriate in his lifetime. Within a hundred years of his death, however, the many tensions beneath the Muslims surface unity split asunder what Saladin had accomplished. Today, Saladin is remembered a great war leader who conquered an empire and drove invaders out of his homeland.He is honored as a Muslim hero, a fighter of his faith, who led jihad to recapture the city of Jerusalem and restore Muslim worship there. He is admired for his skills at organizing a vast army, planning battles and ambushes, and inspiring homage among his men. He is respected for his love of learning, generous gifts to charity, and personal devotio n to religious beliefs. Works Cited Ehrenkreuz, Andrew S. Saladin. Albany State University of New York, 1972. Print. Geyer, Flora. beingness History Biographies Saladin The Warrior Who Defended His People (NG World History Biographies). New York National Geographic Childrens Books, 2006.Print. Gibb, H. A. The Life of Saladin. London Oxford UP, 1973. Print. Hancock, Lee. Saladin and the Kingdom of Jerusalem The Muslims Recapture the Holy Land in Ad 1187 (The Library of the Middle Ages). New York Rosen Group, 2003. Print. Hindley, Geoffrey. Saladin. New York Barnes & Noble Books, 1976. Print. Hodgson, Marshall G. The Venture of Islam. Vol. 2. Chicago University of Chicago, 1975. Print. The Expansion of Islam in the Middle Period. Lane-Poole, Stanley. Saladin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. New York G. P. Putnams Sons, 1898. Print. Newby, P. H. Saladin in His Time. London Faber and Faber, 1983. Print.

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Managing People†Lenovo China Essay

SummaryThis assignment expresses and evaluates the Lenovo mainland mainland chinas human resource focusing from five digresss. At stating, it introduces simply the history of Lenovo mainland China. Then, describing and analysing approach of people counsel in Lenovo is the key baksheesh by dint of five elements of overall approach, system of rewarding performance, employees recruitment, methods to modify nurture employees and the idea of individual performance. In particularly, the last three is talked principally. However, the appraisal system has a comminuted problem. Next, it mentions the leadinghip of Lenovo China which is mixture Chinese and western style. At end of the assignment, it gives some in-person idea and recommendations on the appraisal system.1.0IntroductionThe report provide appraise human recourse management and give recommendations for Lenovo China. At beginning, it leave behind introduce the background of Lenovo China. Then it will describe Lenovo C hinas approach of people management from five aspects. Especially, it will centering on selecting and exploitation employees as well as the appraisal. Then it will talk about Lenovo Chinas leadership and organizational culture. Finally, it will give personal opinions on Lenovo China and evaluation.2.0 tidy sum management in Lenovo China2.1Introduction of Lenovo ChinaThe Lenovo China was established in 1984, biding the name of Personnel Department into Human Resources Department in 1995 when they had been an increasing awareness of the importance of persons (Ge, 2004). Nowadays, Lenovo China was a successful company because Lenovo China had ranked NO.450 in the ranking of the fortune Global 500 (CNN, 2011).2.2Approach of People management in Lenovo China2.2.1Overall approachThe overall approach of Lenovo China is the mixture of classical approach and modern management theory with combination of X and Y theory (Mullins, 2010). In classical approach (Mullins, 2010), Lenovo China do non use absolute power and make over people. They think passing of human resource, because they know the importance of the talents (Ren, 2003). In addition, Lenovo Chinas leaders also communicate with employees and listen to their opinions in order to gain their trust, which could obtain more than ideas for development of the corporation. In spite of this, Lenovo China still deal a complete set of the corporation system to manage people (Pi, 2011).In Lenovo China, as employees are doing any work, they must comply with these three principles 1.insisting on working according to the rules if there are rules. 2. Working according to the rules in advance and attack up with recommendations timely, if the rules are non reasonable. 3. Applying and working according to the cultural value criteria of Lenovo China, if there are no rules (Pi, 2011). Employees of Lenovo China are in a originator of relative strict control, but they will be provided properly freedom to conduct activities and dribble responsibilities. For instance, technicians in Lenovo China have rights to adjusting their work hours with freedom (Deng, 2002). Thus, Lenovo China could offer opportunities to fulfil their ego needs.The overall approach is with Chinese and western characteristics of management and combine well these two management model. Lenovo China do not allow individualism standardised America, but they advocate collectivism. However, they are not deal the old Chinese management modelcentralization. Thus, the new generations lavatory not only fulfil themselves but enjoy freedom at the same time. There are rules to control yet.2.2.2System of rewarding performanceLenovo China apply mainly the Alderfers ERG theory (Mullins, 2010) to motivate employees, because they have two approaches which are physical satisfaction and mental satisfaction (Pi, 2011).At beginning, for old generations of Lenovo employee, they have advanceder psychological demands. In addition to prove that their own cognition can transform into treasures, their purposes are concerns about development of China. These people do not affect for oftentimes in physical satisfaction (Ren, 2003). On the contrary, there is a strong embodied sense of honour between the old generations of Lenovo people. Hence, the motivation for them is development of collective spirit and motivation of goals (Ren, 2003).Further, at present, the new generations of Lenovo people is primarily motivated by physical satisfaction, because a plenty of contradictory corporations and joints ventures were entering into China aft(prenominal) the 1990s with offering high wage to attract diverse people, it threatened state-owned enterprises (Ren, 2003). However, nowadays, Lenovo Chinas physical satisfaction includes several sides salary, allowance, welfare and warrants. Bones have companys, departmental and individual (Ren, 2003). For example, the half of the excess complete part shall be handed over to the corporation, and their department will dispose the rest of part to reward or give welfare (Pi, 2011). Welfare is normal welfare, such as insurance and housing every(prenominal)day fund and so on. However, Lenovo China take the high standard. For instant, government has set a rule that each person have to save the 4 part to8 percent of salary for the housing public fund, then Lenovo China will save the 8 percent for employees (Ren, 2003).The advantage of method of motivation is that employee could be stimulated to devote oneself to fulfilment of overall objectives and personal expectations. In addition, the ways of stimulations of Lenovo China are very reasonable, because it is according to difference of miscellaneous people to provide distinct stimulation, such as different personality, knowledge and features of concerns (Deng, 2003). Nevertheless, the more physical reward, the more expectations. Overmuch physical reward could not exactly stimulate improvement of employees, to the contrary, it perhaps leads the employee to be greedy and get mysterious benefit without thinking of organizational goals.2.2.3Recruiting and selecting employeesThe process of selecting employees in Lenovo China is very strict. There are two aspects which are inside recruitment and outside recruitment (Mullins, 2010).Inside recruitment involve choosing managers from within the organization, however, Lenovo China adhere to observe their abilities in same working conditions rather than proud earnments in the past (Deng, 2002), which is special.In addition, outside recruitment needs to hire new from outside by put up the information of campus recruitment at first (Pi, 2011). Then, beside testing of character and evaluation of comprehensive capacity Lenovo China also have a face to face conversation (Deng, 2002). There are nine questions Lenovo will ask 1.self introduction, 2. what do you do in your company and what does your company do, 3. your superiorities and tell why Lenovo need you, 4. your weaknesses,5.do you have some suggestions for Lenovo,6.do you have wallet, 7.do watch the news, 8.what do you think of the job you apply and how to do well, 9.contrast with Lenovo and other brand, and the their advantages(Shi, 2008).Moreover, Lenovo China are willing to recruit the young who graduate from a higher institution, such as, Tsinghua University, Peking University and Beijing wisdom and Technology University and so on. In order to contest with competitors to seeking the persons with ability of professional technique and senior management, Lenovo China held recruiting activities in universities in advance, and conducting activities was earlier than foreign companies in each year. These activities included publicity of idea of Lenovo China and a meeting between students and outstanding employees with an on-site consultation of employment. Further, Lenovo China sponsored a opposition of website designation for the national college students and set up a special award (Pi, 20 11). Providing these opportunities helps Lenovo China to better promote their own and attract graduated students and graduands effectively.Moreover, nowadays, Lenovo china focus on people who operate effectively on a global scale, regardless of their birth country(Hegar and Hodgetts, 2011 p. 536). Lenovo China had appointed William Amelio who was an American executive from dingle in late 2005 (Schuman, 2010). However, in those years, Lenovo was missing out on the faster-growing segments of PC markets (Schuman, 2010 p.2). It demonstrated that foreign was not quit knowing about Chinese markets.2.2.4Methods to improve development of employeesLenovo China emphasize preparedness and retaining employees via four methods, because all of these trainings and results are associated with forwarding (Wang, 2006). At first, each employee must be working from bottom of the corporation, then, having promotion step by step, due to organizational culture though this process being inherited and a bsorbed preferably(Ren, 2003). Secondly, they will choose those employees who are the most modify employees to training by experienced leaders teaching young challengers who will be the deputy jobs (Ren, 2003). Thirdly, it is essential to training coordinated operational capacity through teaching how to build teams (Ren, 2003). Finally, Lenovo China deem to be substance that is an assurance to attract talented persons, such as, giving ten present of stock of coordination, bonus and social welfare according to taking highest standards (Ren, 2003), especially, having vacation with salary and rewarding immediately (Deng, 2002).In addition, with regard to new employments, they all require to attend various oriented trainings. Then, they need to gradually accept trainings of organizational culture, generic skills and aspects of business and management (Deng, 2002). Whats more, though a series of trainings results, evaluation of specialists and 360 degree feedback try out what aspects o f the employees need to strengthen. Next, Lenovo China consider what aspects employees require to train according to their own development. Combination of two parts determines content of training of these employees and the whole year training plans. (Wang, 2006)On the other hand, the method of dismissal and post changing is an old way, but it is popular with employees. When an employee could not exactly exert his knowledge in his position, leaders will consider to giving his chance to check his ability by giving his specific objects. If he could deal with, it illustrates that the thoughts of leader has deviation. If he failed, the leader will have a personal talk when he admits his faults, the leader will continue to supply an opportunity to him. If he could not success until the third opportunity, he will meet refresh the position he stays at present. Then, even if the leader give him a demotion with the same wage as onward (Deng, 2002), meanwhile, he will feel not uncomfortable.T o conclude, it is a hommization management respecting for each member of the development, providing space of development and helping.2.2.5The appraisal of individual performanceLenovo China consecrate attention to performance and ability with very strict appraisal of individual performance (Wang, 2006). Human resource department and every department of managers implement and control the appraisal through two ways which are performance measures and capability assessment. Performance was measured by quantitative evaluation of quality and quantity and live of accomplished work and other contributions for company. Capability assessment involves work ability, work attitude and potential development (Wang, 2006). Moreover, there are four forms to apprise superiors to subordinates, rung in the same level, subordinates to superiors, and the department to the department. Meanwhile, Lenovo China use questionnaires for departments evaluate each others in each year (Wang, Zhao and Li, 2009). Furthermore, each leaders and employees should set objectives they want to achieve in each quarter and year and describe what the goals are and list specifically. In the end of each year and quarter, Human resource department and every department of managers have to exam whether the work is achieved and how the quality of work results is (Wang, 2006).In a word, salary decision, promotion and content of trainings are based on these results of the appraisal (Wang, Zhao and Li, 2009).The advantage of the appraisal of individual performance is realizing the importance of taking responsibility by encouraging employees to put their own objectives into enterprise goals (Deng, 2002). In addition, it could supervise the achievement of the work. Further, organization could monitor and measure the performance with fairness.However, the appraisal of Lenovo China has disadvantages that employees are evaluated by managers. Due to unsteady factors like personal factors and environmental factors, the result of appraisal will be influenced. Whats more, sometimes emotional problems extremely affect results of evaluation in the process of the appraisal. Some performances are easy to measure like sales, but some are not.2.3Lenovo Chinas leadershipRecently, the news verbalise Liu ChuanZhi resigned Chairman of Lenovo China but be an honorary Chairman whats more, Yang YuanQing became the Chief executive officer and Chairman (Lenovo, 2011). Liu ChuanZhi, as one of pioneer of the Lenovo China, he creates lots of legends. Therefore, he has his own leadership style. He is more like a participative style of leadership. Liu ChuanZhi always let them raise their new idea, he just inspire them to bring up new thoughts without managing specific matters (Deng, 2002).Moreover, Yang YunQings management model is incomplete directive leadership, because he gives his advice at beginning, and then let employees give their views, and at last, he makes decision (Deng, 2002). Consequently, they have a common point which is allowing employees to participate in process of making decisions. They both wish employees creative power to get close to organizational goals (Deng, 2002). Hence, this way of encouragement is a owing(p) opportunity to fulfil ego needs. In addition, Liu ChuanZhi has distinctive personality and strong charisma which convinces employees, because he is a man of his words, which shows not only in high demands to him but his accomplished commitments for shareholders and employees (Deng, 2002).2.4Lenovo Chinas organizational cultureLiu ChuanZhi pays more attention on organizational culture, because it is a representative of Lenovo China and has significance of goals operation (Ren, 2003) like task culture (Mullins, 2010). It is reflected in the statement We do what we say and own what we do (Lenovo, 2011). There are four major organizational cultures. Firstly, Lenovo China quite advocate spirit of cooperation, because Lenovo China believe that it is a requirement of maintaining a consistent team (Deng, 2002). Secondly, they emphasize spirit of struggle, because Liu ChuanZhi said that five percent of hope turned into one hundred percent of reality. For example, in 1991, Lenovo Hong Kong had loss of more than fifty million Hong Kong dollars in three months, Lenovo overcame. As a result, Liu ChuanZhi suffered Menieres from syndrome (Deng, 2002). Thirdly, great reputation and credit is life of corporation.There are two types which are individuals and corporation. Individual reputation and credit means that working seriously and doing what they had said can win the trust of users, colleagues, subordinates and superior. The reputation and credit of corporation came from satisfaction of users. Lenovo China would rather lose money than lose credibility and reputation (Deng, 2002). For instance, in 2003, the rate of bad account is less than 0.005% (Ren, 2003). Fourthly, innovation and study are one of the cultural of corporation (Deng, 2002). Todays successes are result from Lenovo China innovating and studying continually. Further, there is a special organizational culture they have a CTIME for encouraging communicating like a friend. Meanwhile, CTIME means coffee time. individually afternoon at 1oclock, employees and leaders go to the third floor and can talk easily. Especially, leaders will pay employees for coffee every Tuesday which is for encouraging fond communication from each other (Pi, 2011).Therefore, the culture of Lenovo China is successful to let employees have cohesions through communication and teamwork. In addition, the efficiency of execution is high because of mincing teamwork. Overall, it is a relative perfect culture.3.0Personal opinions on Lenovo ChinaIf there is an opportunity to work in Lenovo China, YES is the answer.At starting, this is a big and well-know corporation. For ego needs, it is based on satisfaction of physical needs at first, like food, clothes and so on. In addition, leadership in Len ovo China is different from other old state-enterprises, because it can produce a sense of belonging through each involvement of employees. When employees contribute to Lenovo China, it is important to embody the meaning of individual existence. They are not complete power control but participative style. Thus, there are more spaces to allow employees to develop strengths though proper freedom. Moreover, the relationship of colleagues is fair competitions instead of vicious and damaging competitions, which makes employments safety. Due to Lenovo China advocating friendly communication between leaders and employees, this policy can get rid of estrangement between people and give decent respect for employees which is attractive. Hence, ego needs could be satisfied.Then, for individual development, Lenovo China offer relevant help. They choose training employees to learn new skills for free, because they have their own training base. Apart from the theoretical knowledge, there are le aders passing on knowledge of their experiences which is treasure and cannot learn from books directly.However, the appraisal of individual performance has a little problem which is evaluation with personal emotions. Perhaps, it is unavoidable, but it can be evaluated through various channels. For example, individual evaluation could do like department appraisal which is evaluated by doing questionnaires in other departments, managers and employees. In other words, the appraisal of individual performance can be evaluated by colleagues, managers and users.4.0ConclusionIn conclusion, it can be seen then that Lenovo Chinas people management is relatively successful. Success of Lenovo China is showed on three parts which are approach of people management, leadership and organizational culture. In particularly, in part of approach, it focuses on three aspects which are selecting employees and how to develop employees and the appraisal system. Especially, it indicates that the appraisal o f individual performance has shortage. In addition, it mentions that organizational culture is the core of corporation. Finally, it gives opinions on human relation of Lenovo China and reasons.ReferenceCNN. 2011. Annual ranking of the worlds largest corporations On-line. CNN Money. Available from http//money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2011/full_list/401_500.html Accessed 11 December 2011.Deng, Z.H. 2002. The human resource management of legend. HohhotPublication of the people of Inter MongoliaGe, X. 2004. To discuss the Manpower Recourses Management of Legend Grow up. Journal of Liaoning Business Vocational College, 63(2), 18-19. On-line. Wang Fang Data. Available from http//d.g.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_lnswzyxyxb200402009.aspx Accessed 11 December 2011.Hegar,K.W.and Hodgetts R.M. 2011. advance(a) human relations at Work. Google Books. Available from http//books.google.com.au/books?id=kleg0QYjidUC&pg=PA536&dq=Lenovo+China+human+resource&hl=zh-CN&ei=BL_lTuqtHMSaiAf9v8y 2BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-preview-link&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQuwUwAQv=onepage&q=Lenovo%20China%20human%20resource&f=false Accessed 12 December 2011Lenovo. 2011. Our Company On-line. Lenovo. http//www.lenovo.com/lenovo/ca/en/our_company.html Accessed 15 December 2011Mullins, L.J. 2010. 9nd ed. Management & organizational behavior. London Prentice HallPi. B.W. 2011. Liu ChuanZhi Diaries of Managing Lenovo. Beijing China Railway Publication.Shi,Y.Y. 2008. Analyses and nirvana of the model of human resourcemanagement. Industrial and science Tribune, 7(12), 250-251. On-line. Wang Fang Data. Available from http//d.g.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_cyykjlt200812123.aspx Accessed 12 December 2011Ren, X. 2003. Liu ChuanZhi discussing experience of Lenovo China. Beijing Thread Binding Books publishing HouseWang, J.P. 2006. LenovoHow to turn students into elites. Computer Education, (9), 66-69. On-line. Wang Fang Data. Available from http//d.g.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_jsjjy200609021.aspx. Accessed 13 December 2011Zhang, Y.S., Zhao, M.X. and Li, J. 2009. Human Resources Management Cases Series. Beijing China Social Sciences Press

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Urban Utopia

Matt Torres Dr. Cay Hehner Modern New York November 1, 2012 Research Paper The history of the urban utopia arose when theorists and metropolis planners decided that a radical reconstruction of their cities (Venturi 4) was enquireed. thither are problems that arose in cities of every generation and these problems have sparked the minds of the greatest thinkers, planner, architects, and theorists of the 19th century. These were the first attempts at correcting the problems that we deal with today. Problems such as dealings with product, dealing with nature, and dealing with civilization.Through out(a) the history of the metropolis, it seems as though some of these basic principles have been forgotten. However, we tail look towards the work of Ebenezer Howard, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Le Corbusier, who were some of the more or less dominant architectural thinkers who advanced the field of urban- designual thought into places it had never been before. The radical thinker, known as S ir Ebenezer Howard, is widely regarded by many to be one of the most influential urban planners of the 19th century.His work with the English garden City Movement led to a worldwide response about how cities leave behind deal with a rapid increase of people. His goal was to provide comfortable cities, which had an abundance of affordable housing arranged in ways that would incorporate nature to its fullest. His work, unlike that of Robert Moses (another influential urban planner), Frank Lloyd Wright, or Le Corbusier, focused on the people and their ability to depart in cities, without sacrificing their valuable green space. Howard was born on Fore Street, in the city of London on January 29th, 1850.He was the son of a shopkeeper and was sent away to school at a young age. He was schooled in Suffolk, and then Cheshunt in Hertforshire, and finally completed his education at the age of 15 at Stoke Hall, Ipswich (Letchworth, para. 2). Working odd jobs out of school, he was eventuall y persuaded to go to the US at the age of 21. Around the time he came to America, he witnessed the American re-growth and recovery from the Great Fire of 1871a fire which destroyed most of the central business district (Letchworth para. 5).His views with how America planned to rebuild in this small city of Chicago led him to constantly be fascinated with this aspect of growth in the city. Ebenezer Howard had specific persuasions of how future cities could deal with growth, and a rapid influx of people. He came up with The Garden City under the belief that it will be revolutionary in itself, like the early locomotive, capable of great improvement (Venturi 27). His Garden City grew out of the belief that centralization was the answer a society where poverty and unemployment are unknown where) everyone receives an equal salary (Venturi 33). These ideas came to fruition when Howard read the bestseller Looking Backward, by Edward Bellamy, about a man who slept from 1887 to 1900 only to aftermath up and find himself in a new society where industry regrouped into a cooperative trust (and) competition is replaced by centralized planning. Later, Howard published his Garden Cities of Tomorrow, where he outlined his idea of the ideal utopian society. This Garden City was to be an ideal urban society of Three Magnets.It was created as a fashion of superseding capitalism and creating a civilization based on cooperation (Venturi 24). It represented a synthesis of town (city) and country, (two of the Magnets) where the town offered excitement, high wages, and employment, but also high prices and brusk living conditions the country offers physical space, but is also backward and no fun. It was a middle ground between two extremes and had the qualities of creation compact, efficient, healthful, and fine all at the same time. The city wasnt without its flaws though.The third Magnet seemed the hardest to come by. It was the pinnacle of all of his work that Garden Cit y, whose promise of a burst life would be the basis and reason why people would be drawn away from the urban centers and into a new civilization (Venturi 39). Also, Howard doubted the practicality of extreme centralization (Venturi 35) and even if it did work, he denied its desirability (Venturi 35). Howard questioned the inevitability of centralization, but continued to work out his own justification of what he learned from reading Looking Backward.The bear of his life was allocated to his stenography work, which offered him free time from which he could go about patiently designing that Third Magnet (Venturi 39) despite having no formal architectural training. Frank Lloyd Wright was similar to Howard, in the sense that they both despised and wanted to change the urban cloth of the city. Wright argued that the dense utopian atmosphere of the modern city offered no room for individuality. Therefore, he developed Broadacres, which took decentralization beyond the small community to the individual family home (Venturi 9).This individualism came to its height when Wright introduced his theory about Broadacres. He stated that individuality must be founded on individual ownership (Venturi 9). This materialized into his plan to make the city disappear, and replace it with thousands of parcels of land (similar to the Homestead Act of 1862). A minimum of an acre a person allowed for most people to work part-time in the small factories, offices, or shops that are nestled among the farms (Venturi 9).Since this was around the time that the gondola was being mass-produced, Wright introduced the idea of superhighways, which connected the scattered parcels of land in ways that werent possible before, similar to the vision of Robert Moses. Decentralization would make it possible for everyone to live his chosen lifestyle on his own land (9), essentially giving the people their own identity and allowing them to reconcile man with nature (Venturi 164). Now for the icy opp osite.Le Corbusier, or Charles-Edouard Jeanneret, the Parisian leader of the revolution in modern architecture (Venturi 9), was a Frenchman who had entirely different ideas of what the future for the city held. He placed a corresponding faith in organization (Venturi 9), and argued that cities just werent dense enough. His idea of the Radiant City could be seen as the modern thought of the city today. He proposed that geometrically arrayed skyscrapers of glass and steel would rise out of parks, gardens, and superhighways (Venturi 10).The elite lived in luxurious high-rise apartments, while their subordinates lived in the outskirts (suburbia). It all sounds especially familiar to the city that we are familiar with today. Whilst the idea of the city not being dense enough can be argued by most people, the concept of organization makes this one of the most ideal structures to imposing cities of the future. All three of these planners came to their own conclusions by studying previous cities and how they came to development.The ancient Greeks had their own ideas of the city through with(predicate) the polis (Lecture 3). The polis was compromised of the acropolis, the enclosing city wall, the agora, residential districts, leisure and cultural areas, religious precinct, a harbor, a port, and an industrial district (Lecture 3). All of these became important parts of the cities that followed, but possibly the most important piece would be the public programs of the city. Greek rulers noticed that to keep the people under control, they had to devise ways to entertain them.This entertainment was prone either in the form of shows, plays, battles, concerts, or in general outdoor gathering space (Stadium). This is why green space is the number one head ache when it comes to city planning. There must be points where we can allow a break in the urban fabric of our cities and place public zones where people can entertain themselves and others. Industrialization that took place in the 19th century created various problems for the modern day utopia.An increase in population, increase in goods and services, redistribution of population, development of media, great mobility, and the rise of ideology (lecture 6) spurred the thought of developing a change in shopping, domestic life, entertainment, leisure, circulation, and street life. It was a turning point since new technology was being introduced, and new techniques concerning how to manufacture materials and distribute them. Today, there are criticisms regarding the path that future cities are headed towards.Since the 1960s, there has been skepticism towards the utopian aspirations of the early 20th century. Some regularize that the utopian cities are growing larger, denser, and becoming more disconnected than ever before. Superstudio poses a solution to this. By instituting a global monument, called The Continuous Monument, Superstudio sought out to create architecture all equally emerging from a single continuous environment (Lang 122). The disconnect associated with modern architecture today is a put result of the Industrial Revolution and the benefits we gained from it.It made lose our direct correlation between man and nature. Superstudio tries to address that issue in the Continuous Monument by going back to the basics of city design, the square block. It is a testimonial that architecture is the centre of the relationships of technology, sacredness, utilitarianism (Lang 122). The Continuous Monument allows us to have a break dance understanding of the earth around us, which we seem to have lost. Rem Koolhaas offered up another approach with his studies into the city of Lagos. Lagos is the fastest growing city in Nigeria.Its estimated that they gain roughly 21 inhabitants per hour and the population is expected to explode to 24 million people by the year 2020. In Lagos, theyve decided to desert the urban fabric of the west and go along with an entirely new idea of ut opian design. For example, Koolhaas has seen how Americans grumble about traffic and instinctively put the radio receiver up and tune out the congestion however, in Lagos, when the traffic comes to a halt, thats when the trading marketplace begins. This is the new direction of the city according to Koolhaas.A city that reinvigorates the things that are wrong with it, while simultaneously turning them into overwhelming positives. Its an entirely customizable city, run and built by the inhabitants. If there is ever a need for more space in a house, the citizens simply build more rooms on top of their houses. This touches all the aspects of Frank Lloyd Wright and Ebenezer Howard with their emphasis on decentralise systems and influence on the individualism associated with architecture of the future. In the words of Koolhaas, Lagos is not catching up with us.Rather, we may be catching up with Lagos. The urban utopia is an idea that is constantly in a state of change. As needs grow a nd develop, there are things that need to be reformed, re-thought, and redesigned. The ideals of Ebenezer Howard, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Le Corbusier were once immemorial candidates with functions of cities however, with new work by Rem Koolhaas and Superstudio, we can begin to see a change in modern utopian design, and how these modern designs deal with growth that cities will be having in the next century.Who knows, maybe well even begin to see something similar to the city of Lagos, applied in a westernized urban fabric such as New York City, or Chicago cities in desperate need of a change Bibliography Venturi, Robert, Denise Scott Brown, Steve Izenour. Learning from Las Vegas, Rev. ed. Cambridge MIT P, 1996 Rem Koolhaas, et. Al. Harvard Project on the City. Mutations. Actar, 2001. dent Lang, William Menking, Superstudio Life Without Objects, Skira, 2003 Unknown. Ebenezer Howard , Biography and the Beginnings of the Garden City, 21 Apr. 2007. Web. 07 Nov. 2012 .

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES AND ISSUES

trading operations Management as the procedure whereby resources, fluxing within a defined system, are combined and modify by a controlled mode to add value in conformity with policies communicated by burster Joseph G.MonksWhat is Operations Management?Operations direction is the concern correspond that is responsible for bring unwrap offing and organizing the resources needed to bring forth a social club s swops and overhauls. All types of organisation must transport out operations direction because all organisations produce some mixture of merchandises and services. Operations direction is an of moment occurrenceor in any organisation. The determinations that the administration makes volition hold a major impact on the cost of the merchandises and/or services, and its bringing which consequences in the gross coming into the organisation, whether it is fabricating, retail or services sectors such as IT, finance logistics, transit, wellness attention or public public-ser vice corporation or educational, the service bringing grapevines must be care panopticy designed, resourced and managed efficaciously and expeditiously. The effectivity of the system is driven by the success with which assorted subsystems and constituents interact with each separate(a) and with the environment in which the organisation operates.The nucleus aim of a successful direction is the efficiency to pull upon the resources of many subjects and integrate relevant rules and background information in order to specify and essay a job. Once defined, the director must score alternate possible solutions, measure these in footings of the broader ends and values of the organisation, implement the seemingly dominant solution, and eventually, assess the existent effects of the solution for the effectivity in the organisation.Operations direction focal points on pull offing the procedures that produce / distribute merchandises and services. Operations direction relates to all relev ant operations within the organisation. Related activities includes the followersPull offing purchasesInventory controlQuality controlManufacturingLogisticss and EvaluationsCustomer ServicessBy analysing the higher up mentioned activities, we notify state that Operations direction involves the systematic elbow room and control of the procedures that transform resources ( inputs ) into finished goods or services for clients or clients ( end products ) .History of Operations ManagementThe beginnings of operations direction can be traced back through ethnical alterations of the 18th, 19th and twentieth centuries. By the terminal of eighteenth century, agribusiness was the active and profound component in every state. The innovation of the steam engine and Eli Whitney s construct of standardised part paved the manner for the industrial Revolution with its big fabrication installations powered by steam or H2O. As a consequence chassis of states evolved from an agricultural econom ic system to an industrial economic system. But for a range, fabrication was more of an art than a scientific discipline. The Industrial Revolution advanced further with the development of the gasolene engine and electricity in the 1800s.Other industries emerged and along with them new mills came into being..The debut of Taylor s method of scientific direction and Henry Ford s traveling assembly line brought the universe into an age where direction was preponderantly centered on the production of goods. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the one component that was losing was a direction the ability to develop and give the bing installations to bring forth on a big gradational table to run into monolithic securities industrys of today.Duties of an Operations ManagerOperations Manager s programs, form, take and command the production and bringing of merchandises and services every bit needed to champion external paying clients satisfied. The duties of operations directors can be classified into the followersDirect Responsibilities the activities which are straight related to bring forthing and presenting merchandises and services like pull offing the operations procedure, encompassing design, planning, control, public presentation discontinuement, and operations schemeIndirect Responsibilities the activities involved in interfacing with other parts of the organisation such as interacting with those directors in other functional countries within the organisation whose functions have an impact on operations. Indirect responsibilities besides include other maps like dole outing, finance, accounting, forces and technology.Broad Responsibilities a wider set of undertakings that involve scanning the concern, societal and political environment in which the organisation exits in order to understand its context.Decision devising is a cardinal function of all operations directors. Decisions need to be made inplaning the operations systempull offing the o perations systemBettering the operations system.The louvre chief sorts of determination in each of these relate tothe procedures by which goods and services are producedthe spirit of goods or servicesthe measure of goods or services ( the subject of operations )the stock of stuffs ( stock list ) needed to bring forth goods or servicesThe direction of human resources.Operations Management Issue Hewlett-PackardHP is a engineering company that operates in more than 170 states worldwide. HP explores how engineering and services can assist people and companies address their jobs and challenges, with the realisation of the possibilities that HP can supply, which will successfully recognize their aspirations and demands. HP applies new believing and new thoughts to make simpler, valuable and trusted experiences with engineering, continuously bettering the manner our clients live and work.The Hewlett-Packard Company ( HP ) was founded in 1939 by William Hewlett and David Packard. Today, the company s mission is to make information merchandises that accelerate the promotion of cognition and basically better effectivity of people and organisation. The company s first merchandise, built in a Palo Alto garage, was an audio oscillator -an electronic trial instrument used by sound applied scientists. One of HP s first clients for this was Walt Disney Studios, who purchased eight oscillators to develop and prove an advanced sound system for the film Fantasia. HP becomes a major participant in the calculation machine industry in the eightiess with a full scope of computing machines, from desktop machines to portables to powerful minicomputers. HP besides made its entry into the correspondent market with the launch of inkjet pressmans and optical maser pressmans that connect to personal computing machines. The quality and dependability of HP s pressmans make HP a extremely recognizable change over name by both consumers and concerns.Operational Issue of HP Toner Cartri dge ProblemHewlett-Packard is proud of its repute for high-quality merchandises and services. In the 1990 s, the Hewlett Packard toner and ink mags division was sing a job with the figure of defective faulty toner cartridges being returned by clients. About 2000 of these were being returned every month. The operations squad decided to look into the issue and handed over the model to the UK Hewlett Packard quality section. The squad suspected that non all the returns were really the consequence of a defective merchandise, which is why the squad decided to look into the job. The Hewlett Packard squad decided to utilize cause-effect diagrams to seek and place the beginning of the job. Three major operational jobs were identified.First, some users were non every bit familiar as they should hold been with the right method of ladle the cartridge into the pressman, or in being able to work out their ain minor printing jobs.Second, some of the HP Business Resellers were besides unwittin g of how to screen out minor jobs as they were missing in proficient expertness and preparation. As a consequence, they were unable to offer the client the degree of indorse needed to decide any minor jobs.Third, there was clearly some maltreatment of Hewlett-Packard s no-questions-asked returns policy. set down toner cartridges were being sent to unauthorised substitution companies who would sell the refilled cartridges at decreased monetary values. Some cartridges were being refilled up to five times and were intelligibly have oning out. Furthermore, the toner in the refilled cartridges was non up to Hewlett-Packard s high quality criterions.Theoretical Approach of Analyzing HP Toner Cartridge ProblemFishbone TheoryFishbone theory ( cause consequence diagram ) is a entire quality direction tool, widely used to analyse and work out an operation direction job or consequence in an organisation. Fishbone is considered as one of the seven basic tools of entire quality direction too l. It is a ocular presentational tool which resembles the skeleton of a fish which shows all the causes and its bomber causes taking to a peculiar job. Using fishbone theory, job and its causes can be diagrammatically represented, which will assist to place and analyse the of import causes and its consequence can be solvedModel of a Fishbone DiagramHistory of Fishbone TheoryKaoru Ishikawa, a Nipponese University Professor and a good known quality direction pioneer, invented the cause and consequence diagram in 1943, the theory became celebrated tool and was fore nearly used in sixties and Nipponese companies like Mazda, Kawazaki used to analyse and better their auto fabrication proceduresADVANTAGES OF USING CAUSE EFFECT DIAGRAMAn operational direction job and its causes can be visually presented so that each and every causes can be considered which helps to find the root cause of the job in a structured attack. In other words, it helps to set up the job ( Effect )Fishbone can be us ed by persons, squads and most efficaciously by groups which could guarantee engagement of all in a group and helps to use all possible and executable thought of the procedure and its groundsDifferent procedure of an operating system can be identified even if it is outside the range of procedure.All executable informations can be collected for farther analysis and its causes and sub causes can be evaluated.From the above HP Toner Cause Effect Diagram, we can sort that the Cartridge Returns is the Effect of the diagram and the causes can be sub divided into the followersMan PowerCustomers and Traders The HP Investigation squad discovered that some clients were holding troubles in the right interpolation of the cartridge into the pressman organic structure. It is universally considered that non all clients are technically sound and as a consequence of this, merchandise malfunction could ensue while seeking to infix the toners/cartridges. Customers who purchased the cartridges from tr aders instead than straight from HP were non technically equal to decide minor issues which would hold prevented the stock from being returned to HP for replacing. owner s Manual was non easy to read and had no bit-by-bit instructions. About 90-95 % of toner consumers, do non read the proprietor s manual.Traders were non able to supply the clients with the professional degree of realize needed and frequently blamed the merchandise as faulty. This was due to the fact that HP did non supply sufficient merchandise preparation and life to its concern resellersTraining Horsepower should hold provided the traders with adequate merchandise support and preparation so that minor issues can be eradicated at the start. Failure in supplying the traders with merchandise preparation could adversely impact the good will of HP. A merchandise can be solved successfully merely if the gross revenues and after gross revenues support is nourished in a professional mode.Interior designers sell in terior decorators should take into consideration the clients and traders excessively as planing a complicated merchandise ( cartridge/toner ) will do merchandise installing complicated and if the company lacks resources for supplying merchandise preparation, it will do merchandise gross revenues to drop. The design of the toner cartridges was neer thought from an end-user position. The toner cartridges was neer tested with existent people before the launch. The want of graceful planing the merchandise flow rhythm has caused 1000s of lbs for HP. Another large company with such immense defects is Microsoft. Microsoft comes up with regular security spots from clip to clip to repair bugs that existed in their Operating System. Customers ever want things to be easy and less complicated. .MaterialNon echt HP compatible cartridges that are made by unauthorised companies are being bought by clients for a catchpenny(prenominal)er monetary value and used on echt HP pressmans. As a consequ ence this causes harm to the pressman caput in the long tally. Use of non echt toners, should revoke guarantee. HP failed to add a disclaimer saying that guarantee can be revoked for utilizing non-genuine HP tonersEmpty HP cartridges are sent to unauthorised replenishment centres by the clients and these cartridges are being refilled more than five times with low quality ink, toner and other parts.MachineryUsing Non HP Printer accoutrements such as print cartridges or toners may do impairment in print end product quality. The use of pressmans without proper care causes faint print and blotchy. This will make uncertainties in clients that there are issues with the existent HP hardware and frequently the merchandise is returned to HP.MethodsPolicy HP s no-questions-asked returns policy is promoting the clients to return their cartridges even though the harm was caused by the client or the trader. No proper internal controls were at that place for HP. It was discovered that Empty ton er cartridges were being send to unauthorised replenishment companies which used inexpensive quality replenishing ink and proficiencys which in bend damaged the merchandise. HP s no-questions-asked should be updated to touch on that one time the toner cartridge has been modified or re-filled by outside unauthorised traders, no replacing would be provided.Solutions to the job Prioritization MatrixA prioritization matrix is a technique used to acquire an sentiment approximately a job.This matrix helps to precedences or rank the issues of the job harmonizing to its importance. Prioritization matrix gives more clearly which issues are most of import to screen it outIn a prioritization matrix the issues or job can be written in the first column and its frequence, importance and the feasibleness of the issues can be mentioned in the following back-to-back columns.the last column should be used to cipher all the pointsFrequency it measures how often the job occurs immenseness it measur es the importance of the issueFeasibility it measures the feasibleness of the issue whether the mentioned issue / job is easy to work out or nonMatrix description, Solutions and RecommendationsBy utilizing this method, we can look at the information in the matrix and determine which issues are more of import harmonizing to the matrix. From the above mentioned HP Prioritization matrix it is really clear that in the first dickens issues, clients are incognizant about the proper usage of HP toner cartridges and deficiency of merchandise and support preparation to the concern resellers has got highest precedence in points. Hence these cardinal issues should be considered with more attending. The following of import issues are in HP s client Services, fabricating defects and their guarantee policies. Design defect, replenishing echt HP cartridges from unauthorised replenishment centres and use of non HP cartridges in HP pressmans should besides be considered and should be sorted out.1 ) Customer Unawareness Horsepower should take into consideration that their Owner s Manual was non easy to read and had no bit-by-bit instructions. About 90-95 % of toner consumers, do non read the proprietor s manual. New methods like adding bit-by-bit plastic film instructions in a Cadmium should be supplied along with the print toner cartridge. Clear and proper ocular instructions provided in the users manual, intelligent package integral inside the pressman should be able to place whether the job is with pressman or cartridge ) . Simple self care tools should be supplied along with the toner / cartridge so that client themselves can screen out minor jobs2 ) Training for Business Resellers HP should carry on merchandise preparation and support for its concern resellers after the merchandise has been launched. Not all concern resellers would be able to go to the preparation due to the nature of their concern but an unbuttoned courtesy invitation direct to all concern resellers a nd their proficient staff would assist to better client ailments and merchandise callbacks. Surveies by Dell hold proven that this is the most inefficient and high budget manner to cover with the state of affairs. They have found out that engaging local regional trained agents and directing parts to these agents to repair the issues have helped cut down their costs sustainably.3 ) Customer Services A good trained call centre or support forces ever helps to increase the good will of any companies. HP should develop their support staff to be to the full cognizant of their merchandises and behavior mock Sessionss to better direct customer-supplier dealingss. Customer service forces should be technically qualified to work out the issues with out inquiring more inquiries to the client. Product study questionnaires, support forces military rating systems can be emailed to clients and their feedbacks should be carefully analysed by the gross revenues and selling sections. Another manner to pull off client service is to return clients the full sum or replace the product..4 ) Warranty / Policy HP s no-questions-asked returns policy was promoting the clients to return their cartridges even though the harm was caused by the client or the trader Use of non echt toners, should revoke guarantee. HP forgot to add a disclaimer saying that guarantee can be revoked for utilizing non-genuine HP toners. HP should hold besides considered a sedimentation fee for recycling their toners back to HP and besides do certain a lower cost service for replenishing the toners.5 ) Toner Cartridge Design Merchandise interior decorators should take into consideration the clients and traders excessively as planing a complicated merchandise ( cartridge/toner ) will do merchandise installing complicated and if the company lacks resources for supplying merchandise preparation, it will do merchandise gross revenues to drop. Product was neer thought from an end-user position. The merchandise was nee r tested with existent people before the launch. The deficiency of proper planing the merchandise flow rhythm has caused 1000s of dollars for HP. Another large company with such immense defects is Microsoft. Microsoft comes up with regular security spots from clip to clip to repair bugs that existed in their Operating System.6 ) Unauthorized Refilling / No HP Cartridges Exploitation non HP pressman accoutrements such as print cartridges or toners may do impairment in print end product quality. Customers prefer traveling to cheap unauthorised resellers to replenish echt HP cartridges as they are cheaper than traveling to an HP authorized reseller or back to HP base. Once the pressman toner cartridges gives out issues and print quality reduces, clients return the toner cartridges back to HP for replacing. HP should do their toners Tamper cogent evidence and besides add some kind of ID proofing to maintain path of non-genuine use of HP toners. Clear elaborate description about HP merch andise consciousness supplied along with the merchandise would educate the client about the quality, advantages, benefits of an HP and non HP toner cartridge.

Monday, May 20, 2019

How enduring were the changes created by the 1848 revolutions?

In 1848 Europe lived a time of uneasiness. galore(postnominal) revolts took federal agency completely over the continent, when the shopping center and running(a) class istood upi. The only ones lucky sufficient to omit from transformation were England and Russia. France was under the power of Louis Philippe, a reactionary monarch who was against change. The Austrian Empire ruled by Metternich even though Ferdinand was the actual king. A lack of political change and loving reforms bothered the mint as the population increased.Education was available for more people but the economic corpse started to fail. revolutions took present in 1848 in Austria-Hungary, France and Germany. As a result the 1848 revolutions only left temporal alternations to the traditional formation and ended up being a transfer of power. France as the most influential nation of all European nations had a strong liberal force, which opposed to the fact of being ruled by Louis Philippe. The French middl e-class complained for the permanent rejection, and discrimination from the govern workforcet, as they had no representation at all.After the army had killed 40 protestors, a crowd of discontent middle and working class was already on their way to the city, hours afterward broke Paris into open revolt. Noticing that it was already too late, Louis Philippe abdicated forcing the Parisians to create a provisional government. This short-term etymon became an alliance mingled with the middle class liberals, and the radical working classes. This coalition turned into a stimulate victory over the Monarchs, which wouldnt last long, before several problems aroused due to different interests and ideas each(prenominal) chemical group held.What occurred was that the middle class, principally conformed by intellectuals, doctors, minor employers, etc, wanted several changes that were mainly based on their social interests, (e. g. the voting system, and the exculpatedom of speech) above any thing else. The working classes not only had the same interests, but excessively had others that all-inclusive to the economic side, which for the middle class wasnt as important. When the social interests from the middle class were partially reformed they didnt hurl much more to protests about, so they instead retired.This caused a long discontent within the working classes that take over expected other changes and werent being supported by the middles class that had already achieved most of their purposes. Many changes took place in those first months the most important one was the instauration of the public male suffrage that allowed men over 21 to vote. This increased the number of voters from 240,000 to almost 9 million. Other changes worry the reduction of the working hours to 11 hours, and the opening of workhouses were made to help the unemployed.Thanks to these changes people from the provinces could get involved with what had being spillage around in Paris. The maj ority of the voters were people from the rural areas, and as a result the lections for the constituent conference were in favor of moderate republi goats or the conservative monarchs. The revolutionaries had won, in November 1849 during the second republic Louis Napoleon became death chair by popular election. Two months before the elections the 12 hour working day had been re-established, however the universal male suffrage still remained.In 1848 the Austrians heard form the revolutions in France and how successful they had been. Encouraged by this racial and social tensions as well as imperial repression of rights would influence revolts in the Habsburg Empire. Very quasi(prenominal) to what happened in France forced by Ferdinand, Metternich who was in charge had to leave. Revolutionaries won but they had many disagreements between each other. What happened was that at the beginning both the middle class and the working class needed reforms. When these had been made middle clas s were satisfied but the working class felt that the Empire was still in debt with them.For this cogitate the unity came to an end. For the middle class the fact of having freedom of press, tax reforms, and an increase in freedom of pietism was enough. The people still demanded to exclude non-Hungarian soldiers from the Hungarian army. This became possible once Ferdinand decided that Hungary should be an independent country. In Austria finally one of the constitutional changes established (the March laws) were approved, the nobility would loose their tax exemptions and the feudal system was abolished from the Empire.Due to the fact that the radicals and the liberals had genuinely different interests there was also a nationalist conflict between certain groups amongst the empire. However the change that would endure the most after the civil revolt was the one that would last harm the revolution. This change had been dictated by the constituent assembly, and it was the abolition o f serfdom (a member of the lowest feudal class bound to the land and owned by a lord). As a result the revolutionaries would be left without any real support from the peasantry, as they would have no cause to complain.Like the Habsburg Empire, Germany was also lead by the incidents that took place in France. In this case German States fell into a greater economic crisis than France. It seemed to be that reforms were simply one of the elements that the insurgents required and beside it came the acceptance of a concession which Prussia, Bavaria, Baden, and Wurttemberg agreed to. A meeting in Heidelberg (Vorparlament) was called to supervise the election to the German Representative Assembly.This assembly was formed not to lower their power, but to act upon the lack of it, a characteristic of March 1848. The assembly was mainly elected by the middle class, and one of the first measures that it took into consideration was the Universal Male Suffrage, with the support of one delegate fo r all 50,000 Germans. Germany had the urgency of square offing someone appropriate to take control over all the state, and thought that the Habsburgs, a very important and well-known German family, lead by the Archduke John could be a goodly choice.In June the Habsburgs took control over Germany. For many working class Germans the poor less job that the capital of Kentucky Parliament had done to solve their problems didnt satisfy them. They thought that within meetings they could discuss many economic problems and find the appropriate solution to each one of them. Their requests were then brought up and demanded changes like the limitation of the factory production, restrictions upon free economic and industrial growth, and the protection of the privileges for the old artisan guilds.The protests that took place afterwards were very big and in some cases the Parliament had to recruit Prussian and Austrian troops. Eventually the emergence of the of the national issue and the heada che of working class violence, created the route to the re-establishment of the German Government, including the return of Friederich Wilhelm. The German troops helped by the Prussians and the Austrians were sent into Berlin. erstwhile again Friederich Wilhelm was offered to wear the German Crown and he refused. Not accepting the German crown was enough to end with Frankfurt Parliaments big failure.Once the Austrian and Prussian delegates had left the Parliament it was dismissed by Prussian troops. At the end of the revolution some agrarian reforms still remained but in watch the liberal, constitutional revolution failed to succeed. We may clearly rely on A. J. P. Taylor who hypothesises There was merely a vacuum-clean in which the liberals postured until the vacuum was pilled Big revolutions took place in France, Austria-Hungary, and Germany in 1848. The government systems had been there for a very long time, each nation and the people wanted several reforms on those systems we re becoming a huge pain.In France everything seemed to work fine, until Louis Napoleon declared himself Emperor. Terminating with the Universal Male Suffrage, which as other changes was thought to be enduring, but at the end it didnt result as expected. In Austria-Hungary even though problems werent that bad, the fact that the results of the revolution in France had been successful, was enough for them to demand changes. The changes that took place were thanks to Lajos Kossuth and the March Laws. In Germany as discussed before, some say that the German disturbances cant even be considered as a revolution.At the end only farming(prenominal) reforms survived out of the many changes expected. Many protestors didnt receive anything from the revolution that took me to the conclusion that it wasnt successful at all. Finally we can see how the 1848 revolutions failed, and how changes and reforms were not enduring at all. As Trevely says 1848 was the turning point at which modern explanat ion failed to turn. However France was in a much better situation than all the other countries, and like in 1918 at the end of the WW1 they were capable of surviving ahead from the others.